Saturday, 13 December 2014

Bleaker Island revisited - Birds and Beaches.

[Continuing the irregular updates on life in the South Atlantic.  8,000 miles from the UK, 400 miles from Argentina, the Falkland Islands are our home from home.  While we work during the week, we try to explore the other 778 islands at the weekend.......]

A few weeks ago, we revisited Bleaker Island after our first trip there, about 30 months.
ago.  It's a long, narrow island, about 15 miles by 1 mile, with a small settlement of about 4 houses in the middle.
Bleaker air terminal
As usual, the normal way to arrive is by small Britten-Norman Islander planes run by the Falkland Islands Government Air Service (FIGAS).

An extra passenger on our plane....
We were met by the owner, Mike, who lives on the island, and one of the couple who manage the farm and visitor properties.  Our bags went with the manager directly to the settlement about 2 miles from the airstrip, while we had the circuitous familiarisation tour from Mike.
Cassard House sun lounge
We had stayed in the main house, Cassard, soon after it had opened 3 years ago, and it was still as full of light and comfort as we remembered.  And, once again, we had managed to pick a time when we had the 4-bedroomed place to ourselves.
Cassard House living room
After settling in, we slapped on the sun cream and headed out to see what we could see.....
Settlement house
The main difference from the previous visit was in the season - Spring instead of late Summer/Autumn.  Birds, especially penguins, were sitting on eggs.  This made them much less mobile and hence photogenic.
Rockhopper incubating egg
 They are also very wary of losing their eggs to predators, of which there are many.  The common (to these parts. They are rare everywhere else.) Striated Caracara is mainly seen hanging around colonies, waiting for a moment of opportunity to steal a meal.
Watchful penguins being watched by a Straited Caracara
These Caracaras tend to attack their prey by running, and have been very successful on islands where cats have not been introduced, such as Bleaker.
Striated Caracara

"This way, chaps!"
Other predators include Skuas, and the ubiquitous Turkey Vulture.  So these penguins have a hard life.  Added to that, their colonies tend to be at the top of sheer cliffs, which they have to negotiate hundreds of times during the breeding season.
Turkey vulture
Once they have clambered down the slope to the sea, they then run the guantlet of seals and sea lions, who also use the island for breeding
Southern sea lion
We could sit and watch these cute penguins for hours, and frequently did!


Rocky!!
They are inquisitive
Bleaker also has colonies of Gentoo and Magellanic penguins.  The latter live in burrows near a sandy beach, whereas the Gentoo are usually found inland.  However, around feeding time, they return from their fishing trips and congregate on the beach before heading en masse to find their chicks.
Walking among the Gentoo penguins
Watching the crowds reminded me of my time working in central London, when office workers would gather, at the end of the day,  at the major train stations, perhaps meeting friends for a pint, before heading home to the family!

By the way, this beach has been deemed to be the 9th best beach in the world by a travel writer, Lee Abbamonte, and who are we to argue?  I'm guessing it was also the quietest and coldest on his list, see below!

http://www.leeabbamonte.com/30-best/30-best-beaches-in-the-world.html
Kelp Geese, male white
Birds abound on Bleaker.......
Patagonian crested ducks
Ruddy-headed goose and goslings
Two-banded plover
Crested Caracara, a long way away...
And the birds we saw, were generally very tame, the exception being the Crested Caracara, a striking South American raptor.
Rock cormorant colony
We noticed other differences in the time of year.  The Skuas were here, but had no chicks yet, so were not as aggressive as we remembered.
Skua - pirating gentoo eggs.
 They were feasting on penguin eggs.  In a few months, they would be feeding their young on the abundant penguin chicks!
Gentoo on egg
However, the resident striated Caracaras were an aerial threat.
Agressive Striated Caracara
The next day, we borrowed a car to drive to some of the remoter parts.  Unlike any other car I had hired in the past, there was no forms to fill in;  no credit card to be checked;  no examination of the bodywork for dents and scratches; no queue at the depot; no worry about re-filling with fuel.....

"Would you like to take the car tomorrow?  We'll add £xx to your bill."    Simples!
Magellanic penguin snuggling up to Flightless Steamer Duck!
Most of the island is rough pasture for sheep and beef cattle, but stock numbers are low, to avoid over-grazing and erosion, which has blighted some islands.
So, off we went to explore, and see what we could see.  At the southern end of the island, where we could look across a narrow strait to the mainland, we found a rather friendly Flightless Steamer Duck and a Magellanic Penguin, keeping out of the wind.  Could there be a new species on the way?
Black-necked Swan
We could drive almost anywhere on the farm tracks, stopping for a walk or picnic or to watch a pond for exotic birdlife..  Very relaxing.
A very shy bird is the black-necked swan.  We saw about 8 of them, but almost immediately they would paddle across to the far side of a large pond.
Magellanic Snipe, from the car!
Less shy was a magellanic snipe.  This photo, above, was taken from a few feet away, while we were sitting in the car!

We saw so many more birds that we took photos of.  But we were only there to soak up the atmosphere and relax, which we did, thanks to Elaine, our hostess, having dinner ready for us when we arrived from our wanderings.

Bleaker - a beautiful island.  A really civilised retreat!.

Tuesday, 2 December 2014

Mt Usborne - the Highest Peak

Last month saw a group of walkers set out to climb Mt Usborne - at 2310 feet (705m.), the highest point in the Falkland Islands .........
Mt Usborne from Darwin.
The mountain is named after the Ship's Assistant on the Beagle, which brought Charles Darwin to the Falklands in 1833.  You can get good views of it from the settlement of Darwin, which is about 70 miles south-west of Stanley, the capital.
In convoy across Camp
On a breezy Sunday morning, about 10 of us set off for the 60-mile drive west from Stanley, and then a 5-mile off-road track to the base of the mountain. This track gets rough in places, but we had a couple of experienced drivers in the convoy, who could pick their way through the traps.
Negotiating a small stone run
The group parked the cars around 11am, and set off under grey and blustery skies. Luckily, the strong wind was at our backs as we clambered up the steep slope. We crossed a few stone runs, but eventually reached the summit plateau after about 90 minutes.
The summit cairn.  An old exhaust?

Blowing a hoolie at the top!
Unfortunately, the wind had increased in strength, and standing on the exposed plateau was an effort. After a few photos and signing the visitor's book, we headed east to find a more sheltered spot. Rather surprisingly, the north face of the hill was very much steeper than the south, and had 4 corries, each with a tarn. I was familiar with these geographical features from visiting the Scottish Highlands and the Lake District in England, but their presence indicated glaciation had occurred here, at some point in the distant past.
A sheltered spot...yes, that's snow!
However, I don't think there is any other evidence that the Falklands were once glaciated, so it was a surprise to see these features at all. We soon found a broad ledge below the ridge out of the wind, and we had an enjoyable picnic looking down 1,000 feet into a corrie containing a few snow patches.
After the refreshments, we continued about another mile east along the ridge, and then dropped down about 800 feet into a corrie. One of our group wanted to dip his fingers (it was too cold for toes), into each tarn, and so we continued west, sheltered from the gale under the long ridge.
On the summit ridge.
More snow!

The most easterly tarn
Tarn comes from Old Norse.  This article describes how they are formed.  The tarn above was sitting in an almost-perfect bowl, formed by ice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarn_%28lake%29


Looking back west along the summit
Tarn from the east
View from the north, looking southwest.
Another tarn with lots of packed snow.
Heading for the Black Tarn

Black Tarn
After a few hours of checking out the corries and touching the tarns, we came to a stunning view, overlooking the famous Black Tarn. The only problem was there was no obvious route down to it! After a few dead ends, we clambered down a steep stone run, sometimes using hands and bottoms to negotiate a route through these huge boulder fields.
Steep stone run
This article gives more information about how stone runs are formed >> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_run
Very steep stone run...
Charles Darwin, when he saw them during his visit of 1833, en route to the Galapagos and his Theory of Evolution, called them "rivers of stone".  Although my native Scotland now has a similar climate to the Falklands, it was completed glaciated during the last Ice Age, so this geological formation never existed in my homeland.
Black Tarn, looking south to Mt Usborne
The views were worth it! They reminded me of some dramatic scenery in the north-west of Scotland. Well worth exploring if you can't get to the Falklands!
Transport awaits. One last stone run to cross.
Climbing out of the bowl, we realised we now had no protection from the gale, and it was going to be a long, tiring slog back to the cars. Despite being marginally downhill, we still had several more stone runs to cross, and a steep hillside to walk round. I was very glad of my Nordic Walking poles which kept me upright most of the time.
Returning to the road
Arriving back at the cars about 6 hours after setting off, we could check GPS and pedometers as we waited for the stragglers. I had walked for 5 hours (sat down for 1 hour), and covered 10 miles (16 kilometres). My pedometer said I had taken 22,992 steps, and who was I to argue?  It felt like it!
Follow that car!
Friends kindly transported me back to Stanley, where a hot bath and cold beer were all I was thinking about......

Another Grand Day Out!  Thanks to all who made it possible.
Peter